Tool for extracting and replacing bushings



June 22 1926.

J. J. QUINT TOOL FOR EXTRACTING AND REPLACING BUSHINGS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 22, 1923 062; 07' -J57?7? Jaw/2t TOOL FOR EXTRACTING AND REPLACING BUSHINGS Filed June 22, 1923 2 SheetsSheer, 2 1

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Patented June 22, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN J. QUINI, OF TOPEKA, KANSAS, ASSIGNOR F tlNE-TI-DIRJD T0 WILLIAM C.

MGDONOUGH, OF TOPEKA, KANSAS.

T OOL FOR EXTRACTIN G AND REPLACING BUSHINGS.

Application filed June 22, 1928. Serial No. 647,088.

This invention relates to improvements in tools for extracting and inserting bearing bushings from and into machine elements, and is herein shownas adapted for use in connection with the bearing bushings of pistons for internal explosion engines.

Among the objects of the invention is to produce a simple, inexpensive, sturdy and highly efficient tool for this purpose.

A further object of the invention is to produce a tool of this character in which the principal power element comprises a rotative screw shaft, and can be used interchangewith accessories to adapt the tool for botl extracting bushings from and inserting them in place from one side of a machine art as the en ine iston herein shown and thereby produce a short readily manipulable tool which can be made of the necessary dimensions for heavy duty work as well as smaller work.

Another object of the invention is to produce a tool of this character, especially adapted for extracting and replacing piston bushings, wherein the removing and inserting stresses are borne by the metal of the bushing alone and in the direction of its axis, and thereforewithout imposing distorting or breaking stresses on the shell or skirt of the piston.

Further objects of the invention are to otherwise simplify and improve tools of f this character, and the invention consists in the elements and combination of elements illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification, and is pointed out in the appended claim.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectional view of an internal combustion engine piston showing my improved tool adapted for extracting the bushin from the bushing body.

Figure 2 is an elevation of the threaded tool operating shaft.

Figures 3 and 4 are parts which co-operate with said operating shaft to pull or extract the bushing from the bushing body.

Figure 5 is a view similar .to Figure 1, illustrating the manner of adapting the tool to insert the bushing in the bushing body of a piston.

Figure 6 illustrates the elements which cooperate with the operating shaft for so inserting the bearing bushing.

As shown in Figures 1 and 5 of the drawings, 1O designates a piston of a known type provided with the usual wrist-pin bearings 11, a skirt 12, a head 13 and,bearing bushin s 14. j

lieferringfirst to Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, co which illustrate the tool for extracting a bushing from the bearing, 15 designates an elongated screw shaft, which is provided at one end.- with an enlarged head 16, having an inwardly facing shoulder 16 and a transverse opening to receive a hand bar 17 by which the screw shaft is rotated. Said bar may be provided with an extension 18 for use where considerable power is required to extract or replace a bushing.

19 designates a cup-shaped compression element which is adapted to fit at its open end against the outer side of the piston circumferentially opposite to the adjacent bearing. The closed end 20 of said comprcssion element is provided with an opening 21 through which the smooth or unthreaded part 22 of the screw shaft loosely extends. 23 designates a nut which is threaded on the shaft 15 and is formed at so its outer end with an axial prolongation 24: which is adapted to closely enter the inner end of the bushing; there being formed between said axial extension and the full diameter of the nut an outwardly facing 1% shoulder 25 which is adapted to bear against the inner end face of the bushing 14. Said nut 23 is diametrically flattened at 526 for a purpose hereinafter to be described.

In the use of the tool for extracting a so bushing from the bearing of the piston, the compression element 19 is first placed on the screw shaft 15 which can be readily done by reason of the diameter of the open ing 21 relatively to the unthreaded portion 22 of the shaft, with the end wall 20bearing against the endface 16 of the shaft head 1.6. Thereafter the threaded shaft 15 is inserted axially through the bushing to be extracted until arrested by contact with the inner end face19' of the compression member 19 against the outer face of the piston. Just before the said screw shaft has reached its innermost position, the nut 23 is threidedon the inner end of the screw shaft. T he diametric flattened portions 26 of the nu; 23 afford means to hold the nut while it is being threaded onto the end of the screw shaft or while the screw shaft is being threaded thereinto, as found most desirable. After the reduced end of the nut has been set against the inner end of the bushing and the inner end of the c'ompression element 19 has been set against the outer piston face, the screw shaft is turned in the proper direction to force the nut 23 outwardly towards the end of the screw shaft and through the bearing, and forces the bushing outwardly from said bearing and extracts it from the piston. In this extracting operation, the threaded shaft 15 rotates on its axis but, however, without axial movement in itself. The chambered portion of the compression element 19 is of sufficient axial and diametric dimensions to fully receive the extracted bushing.

After the bushing has been removed, the tool can be readily shifted outwardly away from the bearing and detached from the piston, whereupon the nut 23 can be released from the threaded shaft after which the shaft may be freely withdrawn from the bearing and compression element.

In the construction shown in Figures 5 and 6, the tool is arranged to insert the bushing 14, the bushing being shown as being partially inserted. The nut 23 and the compression element 19 of the extracting tool are substituted by a nut 27 which is internally threaded for. enga ement with the screw shaft 15, and an unt readed compression element 28, having the form of a collar, which is loosely fitted over the screw shaft and bears at one end against the shoulder 16 of the shaft head 16. The nut 27 is formed with an internal recess 27 to fit over the extended inner end of the bushing when in place, and is formed radially beyond said recess with an annular rim 27 which bears at its endiace a ainst the inner end face of the bushing body 11. Said collar 28 is formed with a c lindric axial extension 29 which enters an closely fits the outer end of the bushing, and with an inwardly facing shoulder 30 which bears against the outer end face of said bushing.

In the operation of inserting a bushing with my improved tool, the washer 28 is first applied over the shaft until it bears against the shoulder 16 of the screw shaft head and thereafter the nut 27 is placed against the inner end of the bushing body 11, and the screw shaft is threaded thereinto, either by rotation in the proper direction of said shaft or said nut until the shoulder 30 and the rim 27 are brought to bear against the outer and inner end faces, respectively, of the bushing.

Rotation of the shaft toward the right about its axis serves, by reason of the threaded connection of the nut 27 with the threaded shaft, to force the bushing into the bushing body to the final position indicated at the left of Figure 5.

1,5se,se2

It will be observed that in the set up of the tool. both for extracting and for replacing a bushing, the common threaded operat ing shaft 15 co-operates in rotation about its axis with a compression element (19 in Figure 1 and 28 in Figure 5) and with a threaded nut (23 in Figure 1 and 27 in Figure 5) and that the co-action of one of the elements with the threaded shaft (the nut 23 in Figure 1, and the compression element 28 in Figure 5) causes it to bear against an end face of the bushing to force the bushing endwise of the bushing body to extract the bushing from or to force it into said body, and that in each instance the threaded operating shaft is rotative relatively to said endwise movable member.

It will also be observed that the arrangement in each instance is such that the tool elements co-operate with each other in such a manner that the tool is operated both to extract the bushing and to replace it when the tool is applied to the same side of the piston and when the extracting and replacing stresses are trasmitted through that bushing body whose bushing is being operated on, and are transmitted in the direction of the axis of said bushing body so that no stress is transmitted through a weaker part of the machine element (the piston skirt in this instance) such as would tend to distort or crack such weaker part.

Moreover, the fact that the tool operates on the same side of the piston or the like to both ,extract and replace the bushing, the tool, as a whole, can be made of a minimum length, inasmuch as it does not extend through the piston. The tool can, therefore, be made compact in dimension and sturdy.

It will be furthermore noted that the tool can be adapted to considerable range of bushing diameter by using a plurality of the elements 23 and 28, the only elements that need to be fitted with any degree of accuracy to their co-acting parts, to-wit: the bushing ends. The elements of the tool are so constructed that they may be very compactly nested when not in use and thereby avoid likelihood of losing an individual part. For instance, both the collar 28 and the nut 23 can be slipped and threaded, respectively over the shaft 15 within the compression element 19, and the nut 27 can thereafter be threaded over the shaft to close on the end of said element 19.

While the tool herein shown can be 1 adapted to extracting and replacing bushings used in machine parts generally, it finds peculiar utility in its adaptation to piston bushings and a specific claim is herein made to its use in that art.

1 claim as my invention:

A tool for extracting a bushing from a piston bearing comprising a threaded shaft having an operating head at one end, a cupeter than the external diameter of said bushshaped element loose on the shaft and coing engaged with the 'free end of said shaft. axial with the shaft and freely rotatable In witness whereof I claim the foregoing 10 thereon, the bottom of said element engagin as my invention, I hereunto append my sig- 5 directly with said head and the mouth 0 nature this 18 day of June, 1923.

said element being directed toward the free end of said shaft; and a nut smaller in diam- JOHN J. QUINT. 

